• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Lamp with motion detection, lighting network and its lighting procedure. The lamp with motion detection comprises an led emitter (2) and one or more detectors of the light generated by the led emitter (2) of the adjacent lamps (1) to communicate by means of the emitted light the state of the lamp and the eventual detection of movement. The procedure allows creating light bubbles in lighting networks by means of pwm communication of the light emitted by the different lamps, without the need for complex installations. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2589163A1
    申请号:ES201631015
    申请日:2016-07-25
    公开日:2016-11-10
    发明作者:Jose Manuel AGUSTIN BONAGA；Jordi ESCARTIN GARCIA
    申请人:Intelive Desarrollos Tecnologicos S L；Intelive Desarrollos Tecnologicos Sl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Lamp with motion detection, lighting network and its lighting procedure SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
    The present invention relates to an improved lamp, preferably for street lamps used on public roads, which has ignition by motion detection and communication with adjacent lamps.
    It also refers to the lighting network formed by this type of street lamps and the lighting procedure of the network. STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
    The current street lamps are basically spotlights, for example LED, that work continuously. In some cases, they have ambient lighting sensors that allow them to save energy by turning off when ambient light is sufficient and lamp operation is unnecessary.
    On public roads with little night traffic, there is another way to save energy, consisting of managing the lighting of the street lamps only when there are moving vehicles. The procedure is to constantly maintain a minimum level of illumination, and turn on the lamps at full power only when needed, that is, when vehicles or pedestrians pass. The presence of moving vehicles or pedestrians can be detected by an optical motion detection system based on an infrared light camera. However, if only one motion detection system were used, only the lamp closest to the vehicle in question would be activated, and this would be insufficient, since it is also necessary to give the vehicle driver a wider range of vision and That is necessary to light several street lamps in front of the vehicle. The lampposts that the vehicle leaves behind turn off at the same time that others light up ahead, forming a “light bubble” that envelops the vehicle and travels with it, creating in the driver of the vehicle the illusion that the street is illuminated Permanently.


    To generate this "bubble of light" that moves with the vehicle, it is necessary to manage the on and off of the streetlights intelligently. This function could fall on a centralized control system, but the existence of that system would force the lamps to communicate with the control system in some way, introducing the need for additional cables or wireless or internet devices, which would make the installation more expensive the point of putting your economic viability at risk.
    The solution we propose here is novel because it eliminates the need for the centralized management system and therefore makes unnecessary the communication of the lampposts with it. The responsibility for managing on and off rests with the electronic control circuits that incorporate the lamps, which communicate with each other encoding digital data in the light that each lamp emits, and using its own control algorithm. The coding of the data by light does not affect in any way the people, who see the streetlamps lit normally.
    The technical simplicity makes the cost of this technology low enough to raise the technical feasibility of its implementation. BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    The invention consists of a lamp according to the claims.
    The present invention relates to a new type of LED lamp for street lighting, which saves energy by lighting only when necessary. The lamps can be installed on any street, road or street, in street lamps, and use the same supply and wiring voltage as conventional street lamps. The energy saving comes from the ability of the lamp to detect when it is necessary to turn on, thanks to the incorporation of a motion detection device and a communication system with the adjacent lamps, which allow you to manage the series on or off of lamps intelligently. Communication between lamps occurs without wires or wireless devices, since it uses the light itself to encode the data that is exchanged between the different lamps.
    The street lamps form a network of adjacent nodes, so that the communication between street lamps is intended to cause the necessary street lamps on and off in each case. Each lamp communicates its state to its adjacent ones, so that these


    They decide if they have to be turned on or off. They also decide the type of order that they must in turn transmit to their own neighbors, forming a cascading communication that follows the rules of the light bubble algorithm or the one defined according to the specific use.
    Each street lamp communicates with its adjacent street lamps, which are the street lamps located closest. On a street or highway, the street lamps are arranged in line and therefore each lamp has only two adjacent street lamps (left and right). However, in the mouths, parking lots, links or roundabouts, the street lamps can have more complex arrangements, and therefore each lamp can have more than two adjacent street lamps. Each lamppost always communicates with all its adjacent lampposts, although in particular embodiments it may not be necessary. For example in street lamps or parking lots at different heights.
    The adjacent street lamp communication system forms a network in which the nodes are the street lamps and the communication support is the light. It has the following fundamental characteristics:
    • Flexible topology: the way in which the nodes are physically distributed defines the way in which communication flows. A node communicates with one or more adjacent nodes. To add a node to the network, simply place it in its physical location, without reprogramming the adjacent ones.
    • Unlimited size: the number of nodes in the network is unlimited, nodes do not need to be assigned a number or address within the network.
    • Distributed intelligence: the intelligence of the system resides in the intelligence of each of the nodes, without there being any type of central control system. All nodes are or can be the same and follow the same communication and action protocol.
    The lamp with motion detection of the invention is intended for use in street lamps on public roads or the like, and comprises an LED emitter (which may be the light source itself) and one or more detectors of the light generated by the LED emitter of the adjacent lamps. For this, the detectors of the light generated by the adjacent lamp must be properly oriented and accurately detect the intensity of the lamp. The lamp will also comprise a motion detector, a timer and a control microprocessor. The microprocessor emits the operating status of the lamp by means of the LED emitter, and receives by means of the


    light detectors the status of adjacent lamps, for example with means of filtering, amplification and decoding of the detected light.
    Preferably, the lamp will also have an ambient light sensor (6).
    Additionally, the lamp may comprise an electronic communications unit (by a physical port, by wireless means, ...) for maintenance or configuration by the maintenance service.
    These lamps will be grouped in a lighting network, which is also part of the invention.
    The procedure of lighting of public roads or similar, by means of this type of lamps includes the stages of: [a]. Detect the level of ambient lighting by at least one ambient light sensor, and as long as it is below a preset level, activate the lamps in a stand-by mode. [b]. Detect the presence of at least one vehicle or pedestrian on a public or similar street by means of a motion detector in a stand-by lamp, and turn on the corresponding lamp. [C]. Emit by means of an LED emitter in the lamp that changes state a signal indicating the change of state. [d]. Capture the signal in adjacent lamps using one or more detectors of the light generated by the LED emitter. [and]. Modify the state of the adjacent lamps according to the signal picked up in step [d].
    If it is desired that the light bubble affects several lanterns, a stage [f] of repetition of the signal captured in stage [d] will be added including identification of the point where the movement was detected, which will be captured by a new stage [ d] in the next lamp. The identification will serve in step [e] to know if the new lamp should act and how, for example ignoring the signal of stage [f] if the point where the movement was detected is at a distance greater than a predefined distance.
    Preferably, where step [a] comprises the lighting of the lamp that detects the ambient light and the emission of an ignition signal by means of steps [c] and [d].


    Preferably, the lamps leave the on state after a predefined time without receiving new signals.
    Preferably, the lamp will comprise means to prevent self-detection of its signal.
    If it is desired to divide the lighting network into several groups of lamps, an identification of the emission group or channel will be incorporated into the signal.
    In the most preferred embodiment, the signal is emitted by pulse width modulation of the lamp illumination (ie the LED emitter is the source of the lamp illumination) and improvements such as signal compensation can be added so that the variation of the data does not affect the intensity of the light, or the treatment by means of a bandpass filter centered on the carrier frequency of the data and amplified in several stages.
    Preferably, the light detectors generated by the LED emitter are photodiodes, preferably of varying resistance in the polarization circuit to become independent of the ambient light. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are included.
    Figure 1: Scheme of an example of a lamp embodiment. EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    Next, an embodiment of the invention will be briefly described as an illustrative and non-limiting example thereof.
    The existence of different types of lampposts makes the existence of different types of lamps necessary, which differ in their power, sizes, etc., but which have a series of common elements that form the invention and are detailed below.


    The lamp (1) of the invention has a light source formed by a series of LED elements, which are considered LED emitters (2) and which can be detected by the neighboring lamps (1). These LED emitters (2) will be used for communication between lamps (1), so that each one will comprise one or more light detectors, such as photodiodes (3), oriented in the direction of the adjacent lamps, to capture the light of the LED emitters (2). The light or signal captured by the photodiodes (3) will be treated by filtering, amplification and decoding to modify the lamp operating parameters (1). Preferably the light detectors will be placed on the periphery of the lamp, so that they can receive light from various directions. Several will be placed to cover the most common lampposts provisions. For example, eight photodiodes (3) 45º apart from each other, are sufficient to receive light from all directions, although sometimes it is not necessary because it is a linear network of lighting (on roads, roads, sidewalks, ...). If desired, it can be complemented with other wireless media. For example when an adjacent lamppost, of proximity interest, does not have a viewing angle to detect the light of the LED emitter (2).
    The lamp (1) will also comprise a motion detector (4), which detects vehicles or pedestrians in motion in the area illuminated by the lamppost. Its implementation can be a PIR sensor or an infrared or visible light camera, with an electronic digital image processing circuit.
    The operating conditions of the lamppost can be maintained until the next signal is received or until an order of a sleep timer (5) is received after the loss of motion detection.
    It is convenient to include an ambient light sensor (6), usually solar, although it may be installed or activated only in a small number of lamps (1), which communicate their readings to the adjacent ones.
    All these systems will be controlled by a microcontroller (7), with memory and specific circuits for receiving serial data (Universal Asynchronous Transmitter-Receiver, UART), coding and operating adjustment parameters.
    Preferably, the lamp (1) will also comprise a communications unit (8) that allows the technician to perform the initial installation and adjust or review the necessary operating parameters in each case.


    The microcontroller (7) will manage a protocol of the network of lamps (1) or adjacent lamps, with the structure and rules of operation of the lamppost network. Its objective is that the street lamps inform their neighbors that they should turn on or off even if they have not detected movement in their area. The communication will be done by encoding digital data in the light itself emitted by the LED emitter (2).
    The data encoding and decoding circuit in LED light sends and receives the data through the light. The circuit is capable of sending and receiving data regardless of the light intensity of the light regulated by pulse width coding (PWM), within wide limits. Each lamp transmits data using the light emitted by the LED emitter (2), which can be the light source of its lamp (1) itself, and receives data through several photodiodes (3) oriented in the directions where the lamps are adjacent. Therefore, each lamp has a single data transmission channel and several reception channels, one for each adjacent lamp. All of them work simultaneously and permanently.
    The PWM (Pulse width modulation) technique consists of turning the LED off and on very quickly (hundreds of times per second), precisely controlling the time it is on and off in each period. The sum of the times in which the LED is on, divided by the total time, is the percentage of light intensity emitted. This mechanism produces in the human eye the sensation of a perfectly continuous and stable light, whose intensity can be regulated between 0 and 100%.
    The coding of the data is done in the microcontroller (7), to send the data in the light of the LED emitter (2). The microcontroller (7) generates the PWM pulses necessary for the regulation of the LED light intensity. It is recommended that you generate a train of digital pulses inserted in the header of each PWM period, and that it occupies approximately 20% of the initial time of each period.
    Data coding is done by modifying the PWM pulse rate. In each PWM period, an initial data frame is introduced, lasting approximately 20% of the total PWM period, and transmitting one byte (8 bits) in each PWM period. The byte transmission uses a standard format for serial data transmission, where each bit is encoded with a fixed burst of the frequency carrier signal. The data includes start and stop bits to identify the beginning and end of the transmission


    of the byte. In this way, the remaining 80% of the period is used for conventional PWM regulation. This system has the following characteristics:
    • The LED can always send data, regardless of the intensity at which it is currently regulated, as long as the lamp (1) is not turned off.
    • The data is always sent at the maximum power of the LED, although at that time the lighting source is regulated to a minimum light intensity.
    • The PWM regulation of the LED cannot be between 0% and 100% but the range narrows due to the effect of 20% that is not regulated. However, the system plans to keep the LEDs on with a minimum intensity even at times when lighting is not necessary, and they do not turn off completely.
    • Data transmission is performed in a compensated manner, that is, ensuring that the variation of the data does not affect the intensity of the light. This is achieved by some of the known techniques (Manchester coding, complementary transmission, etc.). In this way the human eye does not perceive any difference in the light emitted by the fact that the light is transmitting data.
    The microcontroller (7) uses serial digital data transmission (UART) systems to send a byte on each PWM pulse, along with its corresponding start and stop bits. Each bit is represented by a burst of, for example 16 pulses of the carrier frequency, which is preferably fixed and configurable for each lighting network. In addition, it also generates a transmission start mark before encoding the byte, which are used as the start mark and which allow synchronization with the receiving device.
    The signal sent may include packets with:
    • A header, to point to the receivers where each packet starts.
    • An identifying signal of the emitting lamp (1) that serves so that the lamp can reject packages that have been emitted by itself
    • A signal from the lamppost network, allowing different overlapping networks to coexist on different channels. It can be included in a single channel, or separated into broadcast channel and reception channel to increase versatility.
    • An identifier of the signal content:
    o Lamp status (1).
    o Distance to motion detection.
    o Time in the timer.
    o Orders or instructions for action, test and system, etc.


    These elements may be completed with redundancies or error suppression. For example, the LED emitter (2) can emit each packet several times per second as long as it does not change state, so that when the photodiodes (3) pick up the signal with errors, the microcontroller (7) can discard the erroneous signal and wait to the next issue.
    Transmission errors can occur due to various causes:
    • Noise: comes from unwanted light sources, such as sunlight, light produced by vehicle headlights, unplanned reflections, lightning, etc.
    • Excessive distance between street lamps or difficult orientation: the system incorporates specific electronic filter and amplification circuits that improve sensitivity, as well as CAG (Automatic Gain Control) circuits that adjust the gain of the input amplifier to maintain a constant signal level and independent of the level of signal actually detected within limits. Where appropriate, adjustable photodiodes (3) may be available.
    • Temporary interruptions: by temporary interposition of an object in the line of sight.
    The decoding of the data is performed upon receiving light encoded by any of the photodiodes (3) or light detecting devices installed for this purpose. The light received must be treated before the data can be decoded. For this, the electrical signal detected by each photodiode (3) passes through a bandpass filter centered on the carrier frequency of the data, which attenuates the noise. The signal is then amplified in a multi-stage amplification chain that increases the range of detection and improves sensitivity. A CAG (automatic gain control) circuit adjusts the gain of the amplifier to maintain a constant signal level independent of the signal level actually detected by the photodiodes (3), within wide limits. To avoid saturation of the photodiode (3) in the presence of sunlight, the microcontroller (7) can adjust the resistance in the polarization circuit of the photodiode (3) to keep the photodiode (3) in its optimal operating range. If necessary, the microcontroller (7) will make these adjustments taking into account the reading of the ambient light detector (6).
    Once filtered and amplified, the carrier signal, which already has a sufficient voltage level, is decoded in the microcontroller (7), which first looks for the header start identification mark, and then decodes the information byte


    using a serial data decoding circuit (UART). The microcontroller ignores the rest of the PWM period. The bytes received are accumulated in memory until an entire message is completed. At that time, the message is sent to the interpretation program, which executes the message instruction. All this happens inside the microcontroller (7).
    The lamppost may have several possible states, the main ones being:
    • On: the LED illuminates at maximum power. It is the state of the lamppost when motion of vehicles or pedestrians is detected at night.
    • Stand by: the LED illuminates at the minimum set power (for example 25%). It is the state of the lamppost when there is no movement and it is night.
    • Off: LED does not light. It is the state of the lamp when it is daylight or there is enough ambient light, whether motion is detected or not.
    • Intermediate: the LED illuminates with an intermediate power between “on” and “Stand-by”. It can be applied on the edges of the light bubble to make the lighting more gradual. Likewise depending on the ambient light or the hours of the day. It can correspond to one state or several.
    Lanterns can send messages to each other in the "on", "intermediate" and "stand-by" states. In the "off" state the lamp will not normally send messages, although it can receive them and go to another state from which it can emit. If the ambient light detector (6) is only installed in a limited number of street lamps, the lamps (1) will emit an input signal in the “off” state or when switching to “stand-by” from the status of "on". Preferably, the transitions between states will not be abrupt, but are carried out in a progressive manner to avoid capturing the attention of the driver or pedestrians.
    Each message is transmitted by a lamppost and reaches the adjacent ones, which receive it. Once received, the package is decoded and the corresponding instruction is executed, which will cause the receiving lamp to change its status and the message it is sending. This second message will be sent to its adjacent ones, and so on, forming a cascade of messages whose purpose is regulated by the protocol of the light bubble algorithm


    The algorithm of the light bubble is the algorithm responsible for turning the lamps on and off intelligently, creating in the driver or pedestrian the illusion that the street is permanently illuminated, even if it is not. For the operation of the algorithm it is necessary that each lamp has initially programmed the following fixed operating parameters:
    • i: interval in meters between two consecutive street lamps
    • d: total distance in meters that must be kept illuminated in front of the driver
    • t: time in seconds that a lamp stays on after having stopped detecting movement
    These values will depend on the type of street lamps, their use for vehicles, pedestrians or mixed vehicles, the speed of vehicles on that road, etc. These data must be programmed at the time of the installation of the street lamps, and the normal thing is that they are equal for all the street lamps of the same street or highway.
    In the ignition, the lamp that detects the movement sends a signal with the instruction “on”, the value “d” of distance and the time “t” of time. The nearest lamp acts accordingly, and in turn sends the power signal but with the "d-i" distance. Each lamp receives the same instruction, and decreases the value of the data by the amount i, until the value "d-n * i" is less than zero. If the first lamp captures this signal, it does not repeat it because the distance it receives is greater than the one it is emitting.
    It is also possible to transmit the value of "n", number of street lamps from which the movement was detected, and that the microcontroller (7) calculates "d-n * i". In this case, the lamp (1) of the lamppost must pay attention to the values of “n” below the value “d / i”.
    If desired, it may be established that from the moment that “dn * i” is less than a preset amount, the power of the lamppost is “intermediate” between that of “stand-by” and that of “on” ( bubble edges).
    Each lamp automatically performs the “stand-by” step after “t” unless it receives a new signal. To coordinate the lighting network, the value of your timer is preferably sent in the package.


    If multiple movement is detected, at various points in the network, the messages that travel between the street lamps will have different distance and time values. In that case, the lamppost maintains the closest or most recent signal, discarding the others.
    5 It is convenient to add start-up, configuration, reporting and troubleshooting or maintenance instructions, to check for nearby lampposts and the scope of the bubble.

    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    1-Lamp with motion detection, for use in street lamps on public roads or similar, characterized in that it comprises an LED emitter (2), one or more detectors of the light generated by the LED emitter (2) of the lamps (1) adjacent, a motion detector (4), a timer (5) and a microprocessor (7), so that the microprocessor emits via the LED emitter (2) the operating status of the lamp (1), and receives means of the light detectors the state of the adjacent lamps.
    2-Lamp, according to claim 1, which also has an ambient light sensor (6).
    3-Lamp, according to claim 1, wherein the LED emitter (2) is the light source of the lamp (1).
    4-Lamp, according to claim 1, comprising means for filtering, amplifying and decoding the light emitted by adjacent lamps (1).
    5-Lamp, according to claim 1, which has an electronic communications unit (8).
    6-Lamp according to claim 1, wherein the one or more detectors of the light generated by the LED emitter (2) of the adjacent lamps (1) are photodiodes (3).
    7-Lighting network, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of lamps (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
    8-Procedure of lighting of public roads or the like, by lamps (1) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
    [to]. detect the level of ambient lighting using at least one light sensor
    ambient (6), and whether to activate the lamps (1) in a stand-by mode while
    be below a preset level;

    [b]. detect by means of a motion detector (4) in a lamp (1) in “stand
    by ”the presence of at least one vehicle or pedestrian on public roads or similar,
    and turn on the corresponding lamp (1);
    [C]. emit by means of an LED emitter (2) in the lamp (1) that changes state
    signal indicating the change of state;
    [d]. pick up the signal in the adjacent lamps (1) by one or more detectors
    of the light generated by the LED emitter (2);
    [and]. modify the status of adjacent lamps (1) depending on the signal
    captured in stage [d].
    9-Method according to claim 8, wherein the step [f] of repeating the signal captured in step [d] is added including identification of the point where the movement was detected.
    Method according to claim 9, wherein the lamp (1) ignores the signal of the stage [f] if the point where the movement was detected is at a distance greater than a predefined distance.
    Method according to claim 8, wherein the step [a] comprises the lighting of the lamp (1) that detects the ambient light and the emission of an ignition signal by means of the steps [c] and [d].
    12-Procedure according to claim 8, wherein the lamps (1) leave the ignition state after a predefined time and execute the steps [c], [d] and [e].
    13-Method according to claim 8, wherein the lamp (1) comprises means to prevent self-detection of its signal.
    14-Method according to claim 8, wherein the lamps (1) are divided into two or more groups and where the signal comprises identification of the emission group or channel.
    15-Method according to claim 8, wherein the signal is emitted by pulse width modulation of the lamp illumination (1).
    16-Procedure according to claim 15, wherein the signal is compensated so that the variation of the data does not affect the intensity of the light

    17-Method according to claim 15, wherein the signal is treated by a bandpass filter focused on the carrier frequency of the data and amplified in several stages.
    The method according to claim 8, wherein the light detectors generated by the LED emitter (2) are photodiodes (3), preferably of varying resistance in the polarization circuit.
    The method according to claim 9, wherein the lamp (1) that detects the signal establishes the power of ignition based on the distance to the lamp (1) that detected the signal or the level of ambient lighting.

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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2589163B1|2017-08-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20100201267A1|2007-06-29|2010-08-12|Carmanah Technologies Corp.|Intelligent Area Lighting System|
    法律状态:
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    2018-03-09| FA2A| Application withdrawn|Effective date: 20180305 |
    优先权:
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    ES201631015A|ES2589163B1|2016-07-25|2016-07-25|LAMP WITH MOTION DETECTION, LIGHTING NETWORK AND ITS LIGHTING PROCEDURE|ES201631015A| ES2589163B1|2016-07-25|2016-07-25|LAMP WITH MOTION DETECTION, LIGHTING NETWORK AND ITS LIGHTING PROCEDURE|
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